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<head><title>Silant vali national park</title>
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<div class="div1">
<h1>SILAND VALLEY NATIONAL PARK</h1>
<ul class="ul">
<li class="active"><a href="index.html">Home</a></li>
<li><a href="silance.html">Silance</a></li>
<li><a href="gallery.html">Gallery</a></li>
<li><a href="map.html">Map</a></li>
</ul>
<img class="img" src="images/75.gif">
<div class="div3">
<p align="justify">
<div class="div21"><img class="m" src="images/1.jpg"><h4 class="h4">Velayudham</h4><p class="ppp" align="justify">Now iam stands here to tell you something about indian poltical history.It's not just a history it's the real life........<p align="right"><a href="m.html">Read more....</p></a>
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<div class="div22"><img class="m" src="images/2.jpg"><h4 class="h4">Ra.One</h4><p class="ppp" align="justify">Now iam stands here to tell you something about indian poltical history.It's not just a history it's the real life.....<p align="right"><a href="m.html">Read more....</p></a>
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<div class="div23"><img class="m" src="images/3.jpg"><h4 class="h4">7am Arivu</h4><p class="ppp" align="justify">Now iam stands here to tell you something about indian poltical history.It's not just a history it's the real life of.....<p align="right"><a href="m.html">Read more....</p></a>
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<div class="div24"><img class="m" src="images/4.jpg"><h4 class="h4">Krishnanum</h4><p class="ppp" align="justify">Now iam stands here to tell you something about indian poltical history.It's not just a history it's the real life of.....<p align="right"><a href="m.html">Read more....</p></a>
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<h2>Valley of silance</h2>
<p class="pp" align="justify">
<img class="glass" src="images/44.jpg">
History
The area is locally known as "Sairandhrivanam" literally, in Malayalam: Sairandhri's Forest. In local Hindu legend, Sairandhri is Draupadi, the polyandrous wife of the five Pandavas, who disguised herself as Sairandhri, queen Sudeshna's assistant, while they were in exile. The Pandavas, deprived of their kingdom, set out on a 14-year exile. They wandered south, into what is now Kerala, until one day they came upon a magical valley where rolling grasslands met wooded ravines, a deep green river bubbled its course through impenetrable forest, where at dawn and twilight the tiger and elephant would drink together at the water's edge, where all was harmonious and man unknown. Beside that river, in a cave on a hill slope, the Pandavas halted.English exploration
The first English investigation of the watersheds of the Silent Valley area was in 1847 by the botanist Rober Wight.The British named the area Silent Valley because of a perceived absence of noisy Cicadas. Another story attributes the name to the anglicisation of Sairandhri. A third story, refers to the presence there of many Lion-Tailed Macaques Macaca silenus. In 1914 the forest of the Silent Valley area was declared a Reserve Forest, however, from 1927 to 1976 portions of the Silent Valley forest area were subjected to forestry operations. In 1928 the location on the Kunthipuzha River at Sairandhri was identified as an ideal site for electricity generation and in 1958 a study and survey of the area was conducted and a hydroelectric project of 120 MV costing Rs. 17 Crore was proposed by the Kerala State Electricity Board.Environmental concerns
- Main article: Save Silent Valley.
In 1973 the valley became the focal point of "Save Silent Valley", India's fiercest environmental debate of the decade, when the Kerala State Electricity Board decided to implement the Silent Valley Hydro-Electric Project (SVHEP) centered on a dam across the Kunthipuzha River. The resulting reservoir would flood 8.3 km² of virgin rainforest and threaten the Lion-tailed Macaque. In 1976 the Kerala State Electricity Board announced plans to begin dam construction and the issue was brought to public attention. Romulus Whitaker, founder of the Madras Snake Park and the Madras Crocodile Bank, was probably the first person to draw public attention to the small and remote area.
In 1983 the Honorable Prime Minister of India, Indira Gandhi, decided to abandon the Project and on November 15 the Silent Valley forests were declared as a National Park. On September 7, 1985 the Silent Valley National Park was formally inaugurated and a memorial at Sairandhri to Indira Gandhi was unveiled by Sri. Rajiv Gandhi, the new Hon. Prime Minister of India. On September 1, 1986 Silent Valley National Park was designated as the core area of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve. Since then, a long-term conservation effort has been undertaken to preserve the Silent Valley ecosystem.
In 2001 a new hydro project was proposed and the "Man vs. Monkey debate" was revived. The proposed site of the dam (64.5 m high and 275 m long) is just 3.5 km downstream of the old dam site at Sairandhiri, 500 m outside the National Park boundary. The Kerala Minister for Electricity called The Pathrakkadavu dam (PHEP) an "eco-friendly alternative" to the old Silent Valley project. The claim was that the submergence area of the PHEP would be a negligible .041 km² compared to 8.30 km² submergence of the 1970s (SVHEP). During January to May 2003 a rapid Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) was carried out. Little more was heard till November 15, 2006 when Kerala Minister for Forest Binoy Viswam said that the proposed buffer zone for Silent Valley would be declared soon.
On February 21, 2007 Chief Minister A. K. Antony told reporters after a cabinet meeting that "when the Silent Valley proposal was dropped, the centre had promised to give clearance to the Pooyamkutty project. This promise, however, had not been honoured. The Kerala government has not taken any decision on reviving the Silent Valley Hydel Project"
On April 18, 2007, Kerala Chief Minister V S Achuthanandan and his cabinet approved the Pathrakkadavu Hydro-electric project and sent it to the Union Government for environmental approval.
Buffer zone
Territorial forests located around the national park have been subject to a working-plan to accomplish revenue oriented objectives such as extraction of bamboo and reed which affect the long-term conservation of the park. In addition Illegal activities such as ganja cultivation, setting forest fires, trapping and poaching wild animals, frequently occur in the territorial forests located in the immediate vicinity of the national park. This has resulted in degradation of habitat and reduced forest cover, which has adverse effects on the long term survival of the core area of the national park</p>
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